Bio-Technology

Biotechnology Engineering or Biological Engineering is a branch of engineering that focuses on biotechnologies and biological science. It includes different disciplines such as biochemical engineering, biomedical engineering, bio-process engineering, biosystem engineering and so on. However, in general it is an integrated approach of fundamental biological sciences and traditional engineering principles.

Biotechnology  is based on biological science and is especially  used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity defines biotechnology as:

• Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use.

• Biotechnology is often used to refer to genetic engineering technology of the 21st century, however the term encompasses a wider range and history of procedures for modifying biological organisms according to the needs of humanity, going back to the initial modifications of native plants into improved food crops through artificial selection and hybridization.

• Bioengineering is the science upon which all biotechnological applications are based.

• With the development of new approaches and modern techniques, traditional biotechnology industries are also acquiring new horizons enabling them to improve the quality of their products and increase the productivity of their systems.

Biotechnology has applications in four major industrial areas, including health care (medical), crop production and agriculture, non food (industrial) uses of crops and other products (e.g. biodegradable plastics, vegetable oil, biofuels), and environmental uses